child access to parent class protected member

My question involves child class access to protected member of parent
class. (Arose from attempting to solve exercise in Bruce Eckel's
book).
The following three files, each in its own separate packages, compile
and run just fine:
/* // in separate package:
* public interface Ex6Interface {
* String say();
* }
*
* // and in a second package:
* public class Ex6Base {
* protected class Ex6BaseInner implements Ex6Interface {
* public String say() { return "Hi"; }
* }
* public Ex6BaseInner getEx6BaseInner() {
* return new Ex6BaseInner();
* }
* }
*/
import innerclasses.ex6Interface.*;
import innerclasses.ex6Base.*;

public class Ex6 extends Ex6Base {
        Ex6Interface getBaseInner() {
                // Error: Ex6BaseInner has protected access:
                // return this.new Ex6BaseInner();
                // So, to create protected class use public method:
                return this.getEx6BaseInner();
        }
        public static void main(String[] args) {
                Ex6 ex = new Ex6();
                System.out.println(ex.getBaseInner().say());
        }
}

-----------------
I left in my comments in the getBaseInner() method, to show error I
got with line: return this.new ExBaseInner();
which I thought should work.
Why do we neet a public method to access protected class member
Ex6BaseInner of parent Ex6Base? Don't subclasses have access to
protected member of parent class?
Greg