Re: Annotation syntax in the JLS?

From:
Tom Anderson <twic@urchin.earth.li>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.java.programmer
Date:
Sun, 12 Apr 2009 18:58:58 +0100
Message-ID:
<alpine.DEB.1.10.0904121846280.25482@urchin.earth.li>
On Sun, 12 Apr 2009, Arne Vajh?j wrote:

Tom Anderson wrote:

Stupid question - where's the definition of the syntax, at the lexical
level, of annotations in the JLS? I mean the application of annotations,
specifically to classes - the rules that make this:

@Foo
public class Bar {}

legal.

There's nothing in chapter 3 about them, and nothing in the relevant bits
of chapter 9 about syntax.

I came across something weird the other day, where the Eclipse and Sun
compilers seem to differ over whether a comma is permitted after the last
item in a literal array of classes that's used as an annotation value.
Normally, java permits the bonus comma after the last item:

int[] a = new int[] {1, 2, 3,}; // legal

But javac seemed to be rejecting this:

import org.junit.Suite;

@Suite.SuiteClasses({
    Foo.class,
    Bar.class, // illegal!
})
public class MySuite {}

I'm a bit puzzled over the lexical status of the structure comprising the
curly brackets and their contents (the comma, and why a "new Class[]" isn't
needed), and would like to see what the letter of the law is, but can't
find it.


Section 9.7 has:

   NormalAnnotation:
       @ TypeName ( ElementValuePairsopt )

   ElementValuePairs:
       ElementValuePair
       ElementValuePairs , ElementValuePair

   ElementValuePair:
       Identifier = ElementValue

   ElementValue:
       ConditionalExpression
       Annotation
       ElementValueArrayInitializer

   ElementValueArrayInitializer:
       { ElementValuesopt ,opt }

   ElementValues:
       ElementValue
       ElementValues , ElementValue


Aha, yes, thank you! Not sure how i missed that.

Grammar is not be strong side but I assume you code is a single
ElementValuePair where Identifier is default and ElementValue is an
ElementValueArrayInitializer.


Indeed. And the production for ElementValueArrayInitializer does admit a
trailing comma: the production for ElementValues doesn't, but
ElementValueArrayInitializer has that ,opt in it.

Or at least i think it does. The typesetting in the HTML there is a bit
wacky - the comma in question is set as part of the opt subscript, rather
than at the same level as the ElementValues, but i *think* that's a
mistake; chapter 2, which defines the grammar notation, doesn't give any
meaning to a comma-separated double opt subscript, so i assume it can't
actually be that.

Anyway, it's striking that the spec defines an array initializer syntax
just for annotations, rather than reusing the one defined earlier for
actual arrays. I wonder why? I notice that the way it's done lets
annotation arrays include other annotations, which normal arrays, i think,
don't. Like this:

@Foo({@Bar, @Baz, @Qux})

I don't know what that means, though.

tom

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