Re: Doubly Nested Anonymous Classes

From:
"Daniel Dyer" <"You don't need it">
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.java.help
Date:
Thu, 24 May 2007 00:02:11 +0100
Message-ID:
<op.tssx9xsp8kxvgr@jack.local>
On Wed, 23 May 2007 23:47:11 +0100, Charles Hottel <chottel@earthlink.ne=
t> =

wrote:

The code below is from Effective Java, item 18. Can anyone explain wh=

y =

the
book and the comment refer to "doubly nested anonymous classes"? When=

 I

compile the program the names I see have only one dollar sign in them.=

  I

can see they are anonymous claases but why "doubly nested"? Thanks.

// Typical use of a public static member class - Page 94
public class Calculator {
   public static abstract class Operation {
      private final String name;

      Operation(String name) { this.name = name; }

      public String toString() { return this.name; }

      // Perform arithmetic op represented by this constant
      abstract double eval(double x, double y);

      // Doubly nested anonymous classes
      public static final Operation PLUS = new Operation("+") {
         double eval(double x, double y) { return x + y; }
      };
      public static final Operation MINUS = new Operation("-") {
         double eval(double x, double y) { return x - y; }
      };
      public static final Operation TIMES = new Operation("*") {
         double eval(double x, double y) { return x * y; }
      };
      public static final Operation DIVIDE = new Operation("/") {
         double eval(double x, double y) { return x / y; }
      };
   }

   // Return the results of the specified calculation
   public double calculate(double x, Operation op, double y) {
      return op.eval(x, y);
   }
}


The Calculator class is the "top-level" class. The Operation class is a=
  =

(static) nested class within the Calculator class. Each of the operatio=
ns =

(PLUS, MINUS, TIMES, DIVIDE) is an anonymous inner class. These anonymo=
us =

inner classes are nested within the Operation class, which in turn is =

nested within Calculator, hence they are doubly-nested classes (they are=
  =

nested within a nested class).

Dan.

-- =

Daniel Dyer
https://watchmaker.dev.java.net - Evolutionary Algorithm Framework for J=
ava

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