Re: trouble with SFNAE

From:
SG <s.gesemann@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Sun, 6 Feb 2011 16:38:06 CST
Message-ID:
<19d9a020-7bba-49c7-b60c-fed15219e39f@4g2000yqo.googlegroups.com>
On 6 Feb., 09:49, Brendan wrote:

I was trying out SFNAE techniques for the first time, and having some
trouble with it. Does anyone see what I'm doing wrong here?

 [...]
 template <class T>
 struct has_iterator: enable_if<has_iterator_impl<T>::value, T>{};

 template <class T>
 void f(typename has_iterator<T>::type coll) {
 }

 struct iterable {
    typedef int iterator;
 };

 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    iterable an_iterable;
    f(an_iterable);
 }

f(an_iterable) fails. It doesn't seem to match f. The strange thing is
I can declare an iterable object like this:

has_iterator<iterable>::type my_iterable;

Which makes me think that has_iterator is working correctly, but that
there's something wrong with f itself...


correct. f is a function template. And since you don't provide the
template parameter explicitly the compiler has to figure it out via
"template argument deduction". But

  template <class T>
  void f(typename has_iterator<T>::type coll);

actually has no "deducible context", so the compiler cannot figure out
what T is supposed to be. The reason os simple. You cannot expect a
compiler to find a T so that has_iterator<T>::type matches the
argument type. Since you can specialize class templates or 'type' may
not even depend on T there might not be a unique T so that it matches.

Instead, write this:

  template <class T>
  typename enable_if<
     has_iterator_impl<T>::value
  ,void>::type f(T coll);

You'll be pleased to know that the upcoming C++ standard will let you
test many kinds of expressions with decltype for which SFINAE applies
as well, for example:

  template<class C, class T>
  inline auto find(C & c, T const& what) -> decltype(c.begin())
  {
     return std::find(c.begin(),c.end(),what);
  }

If the compiler deduces C and C doesn't offer a begin member function,
this template will simply be ignored.

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