Deriving from concrete types like std::list

From:
Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
07 Jul 2011 14:02:44 +0200
Message-ID:
<ygfd3hm1eor.fsf@janus.isnogud.escape.de>
In the 3rd edition of "The C++ Programming Language", Stroustrup
writes in section 25.2 about concrete types

        "Classes such as vector, list [...] are concrete [...]
         Also, [...] none are intended as a base for derivation."

and two pages later

        "A class that does this well is rarely a good candidate for
         the creation of different but related classes through public
         derivation."

Some of the following arguments seems valid, but still I don't see why
I shouldn't derive a new class from list.

As a C++ learning project I'm re-implementing a simple interpreter I
wrote in C almost 20 years ago.

I have an abstract base class Stmt from which I derive several
concrete statement types, one of which is the StmtList. I want the
StmtList to inherit from Stmt and from list <Stmt *>, so I can call
push_back() on it in the parser or iterate through it to execute the
statement list. Currently, I have something like this, which works
perfectly and, IMHO, looks quite nice:

        class Stmt {
        public:
                virtual void exec() = 0;
        };

        class WhileStmt : public Stmt {
                Expr *cond;
                Stmt *stmt;
        public:
                virtual void exec() {
                        while (cond->eval())
                                stmt->exec();
                }
        };

        class StmtList : public Stmt, public std::list <Stmt *> {
        public:
                virtual void exec() {
                        const_iterator it;
                        for (it = begin(); it != end(); ++it)
                                (*it)->exec();
                }
        };

        // in the parser
                stmt_list->push_back(stmt);

Is this, according to Stroustrup, the wrong approach? Instead of
deriving I could have a member of type list <Stmt *> in class StmtList
but iterating would look more cumbersome and I had to implement my own
push_back() that calls push_back() for that list member, etc. After
all, a statement list *is* a list. Shouldn't I express this
relationship by derivation?

urs

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